#include <iostream>
#include <thread>

using namespace std;

// 定义用于用法1的函数
void foo(int tid, string name) {

    string msg;
    msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " starting\n";
    cout << msg;

    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

        msg = "Hello from foo " + to_string(tid) + ":"
              + name + ":" + to_string(i) + " ending\n";
        cout << msg;

    }
    
    msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " ending\n";
    cout << msg;

};

// 定义用于用法2的函数对象
class func_obj_class {

    public:

        // ()操作符重载
        void operator() (int tid, string name) {

            string msg;
            msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " starting\n";
            cout << msg;

            for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

                msg = "Hello from func_obj_class " + to_string(tid) + ":"
                    + name + ":" + to_string(i) + " ending\n";
                cout << msg;
            
            }

            msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " ending\n";
            cout << msg;

        }

};

int main () {

    cout << thread::hardware_concurrency() << endl;

    // 用法1: 通过指定函数名（函数指针），启动线程
    thread func_t0(foo, 0, "first");
    thread func_t1(foo, 1, "second");

    // 用法2: 通过指定函数对象，启动线程
    thread obj_t0(func_obj_class(), 2, "third");

    // 用法3: 通过Lambda表达式，启动线程
    // 定义Lambda表达式
    auto f = [] (int tid, string name) {

        string msg;
        msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " starting\n";
        cout << msg;

        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {

            msg = "Hello from auto_f " + to_string(tid) + ":"
                + name + ":" + to_string(i) + " ending\n";
            cout << msg;
        
        }

        msg = "Thread " + to_string(tid) + " ending\n";
        cout << msg;

    };

    // 使用Lambda表达式启动线程
    thread auto_f_t0(f, 3, "fourth");

    // 等待所有线程结束
    func_t0.join();
    func_t1.join();
    obj_t0.join();
    auto_f_t0.join();

    cout << "main() exiting" << endl;

}